渤海海洋线虫与底栖桡足类数量之比的应用研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

郭玉清  张志南  慕芳红 《海洋科学》2002,26(12):27-31

在渤海的22个站位，分3个航次采集未受扰动的沉积物样品，进行了小型底栖动物中两个主要类群自由生活海洋线虫和底栖桡足类数量变动和两者数量之比评价沉积物有机污染环境的研究。结果表明：对于同一航次的不同重复，数量变动差异显著或极显著；在同一个站位24h，6次重复取样，两者数量的变异系数较大；在应用该比值进行沉积物有机污染评价时，在同一站位该比值波动较大。  相似文献   

珠江三角洲晚第四纪沉积物的有机地球化学特征     

蓝先洪 《热带海洋学报》1991,(1)

本文根据有机地球化学资料,首次研究和探讨了珠江三角洲晚第四纪沉积物中有机质丰度和可溶有机质的组成特征。现代沉积物有机质丰度,有机碳为0.58％,氯仿沥青“A”为210ppm,烃含量为33.8ppm;钻孔中有机碳为0.77％,氯仿沥青“A”为253ppm,烃含量为16.4ppm。从有机质组成、红外吸收光谱特征、δ~(13)C、干酪根H/C原子比,均表现为陆生植物为主,水生生物为铺,为腐殖型或腐泥—腐殖型的母质类型。  相似文献   

Oceanic iron fertilization: one of strategies for sequestration atmospheric CO₂   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Song Jinming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(1):57-68

Carbon cycle is connected with the most important environmental issue of Global Change.As one of the major carbon reservoirs, oceans play an important part in the carbon cycle. In recent years, iron seems to give us a good news that oceanic iron fertilization could stimulate biological productivity as CO2 sink of human-produced CO2. Oceanic iron fertilization experiments have verified that adding iron into high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) seawaters can increase phytoplankton production and export organic carbon, and hence increase carbon sink of anthropogenic CO2, to reduce global warming. In sixty days, the export organic carbon could reach 10 000 times for adding iron by model prediction and in situ experiment, i.e. the atmospheric CO2 uptake and inorganic carbon drawdown in upper seawaters also have the same magnitude. Therefore, oceanic iron fertilization is one of the strategies for increasing carbon sink of anthropogenic CO2. The paper is focused on the iron fertilization, especially in situ o  相似文献   

Fluxes and sources of suspended organic matter in an estuarine turbidity maximum region during low discharge conditions   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

Miguel A. Goni  Mary W. Cathey  Yong H. Kim  George Voulgaris 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,63(4):683-700

Water column concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate nitrogen (PN) were measured at three different depths in four different locations bracketing the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) along the main channel of a temperate riverine estuary (Winyah Bay, South Carolina, USA). Measurements were carried out over full tidal cycle (over 24 h). Salinity, temperature, current magnitude and direction were also monitored at the same time throughout the water column. Tidally averaged net fluxes of salt, TSS, POC and PN were calculated by combining the current measurements with the concentration data. Under the extreme low river discharge conditions that characterized the study period, net landward fluxes of salt were measured in the lower part of the study area, suggesting that the landward transport through the main channel of the estuary was probably balanced by export out through the sides. In contrast, the net fluxes of salt in the upper reaches of the study area were near zero, indicating a closed salt balance in this part of the estuary. In contrast to salt, the net fluxes of TSS, POC and PN in the deeper parts of the water column were consistently landward at all four sites in Winyah Bay indicating the non-conservative behavior of particulate components and their active transport up the estuary in the region around the ETM.The carbon contents (%POC), carbon:nitrogen ratios (org[C:N]a) and stable carbon isotopic compositions (δ¹³C_POC) of the suspended particles varied significantly with depth, location and tidal stage. Tidally averaged compositions showed a significant increase up the estuary in the %POC and org[C:N]a values of suspended particles consistent with the preferential landward transport of carbon-rich particles with higher vascular plant debris content. The combination of tidal resuspension and flood-dominated flow appeared to be responsible for the hydrodynamic sorting of particles along the estuary that resulted in denser, organic-poor particles being transported landward less efficiently. The elemental and isotopic compositions indicated that vascular C₃ plants and estuarine algae were the major sources of the particulate organic matter of all the samples, without any significant contributions from salt marsh C₄ vegetation (Spartina alterniflora) and/or marine phytoplankton.  相似文献   

Organic matter origin and distribution in suspended particulate materials and surficial sediments from the western Adriatic Sea (Italy)   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

T. Tesi  S. Miserocchi  M.A. Goi  L. Langone  A. Boldrin  M. Turchetto 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):431-446

In this study, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), stable carbon isotopic (δ¹³C_OC) and CuO reaction product compositions were used to identify the sources of organic matter (OM) and to quantify the relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous contributions to the western Adriatic Sea, Italy. Suspended particulate material (195 samples) and surficial sediments (0–1 cm, 70 samples) from shallow cross-shelf transects were collected in February and May 2003, respectively. Vertical water column profiles were acquired along the same transects. Data include depth, potential temperature, salinity, density and chlorophyll fluorimetry.Along the western Adriatic shelf in the near-shore region, the phytoplankton growth was influenced by dynamics of the buoyant plumes from the Po and Appennine rivers. A small amount of very fine terrigenous material remained suspended within the coastal current and was exported southward along the shelf to the slope. High variability in the bulk composition was detected in the Po prodelta surficial sediments, whereas the western Adriatic shelf, although a larger area, exhibited a narrower range of values.A significant decoupling was observed between suspended particles in the water column and surficial deposits. The organic material collected in the water column was compositionally heterogeneous, with contributions from marine phytoplankton, riverine–estuarine phytoplankton and soil-derived OM. Frequent physical reworking of surficial sediments likely leads to the efficient oxidation of marine OC, resulting in the observed accumulation and preservation of refractory soil-derived OC delivered by the Po and Appennine rivers.  相似文献   

大气中的有机氮化合物及其向海洋的沉降     

毕言锋  刘素美  张经 《海洋科学进展》2006,24(4):604-610

近几年的研究表明,有机氮化合物是大气氮沉降的重要组成部分,对全球氮循环的贡献不可忽视。介绍了大气中有机氮化合物的组成、测定方法以及存在的问题,综述了大气有机氮化合物向海洋沉降的研究现状及其对海洋生态系统的影响,并探讨了未来的研究重点。  相似文献   

利用臭氧氧化发光光谱特征检测水质污染     

侯广利  刘岩  蒋慧略  高杨  徐珊珊  尤小华 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(2):117-120

利用不同的污染物质在被臭氧氧化时发光特性不同的原理检测水质污染。检测出来的发光光谱与不同污染源的特征光谱进行对比,辅助发光时序等特征,检测几种污染物的含量和确定污染源。对涉及的有关技术问题进行了探讨。  相似文献   

Study of fluoride in polluted and unpolluted estuarine environments     

M. D. Zingde  A. V. Mandalia 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1988,27(6)

Mindhola River estuary, which receives industrial waste containing high concentrations of fluoride, and Purna River estuary, which is free from fluoride contamination, have been investigated. While fluoride behaved conservatively in Purna River estuary, significant deviation from the theoretical dilution line (TDL) in the chlorinity range 0·5–8‰ was observed in Mindhola River estuary due to the externally added fluoride which largely remained in solution. The excess of fluroide over the theoretically calculated value was at a maximum around a chlorinity of 3‰. High natural fluoride content of the river waters resulted in F/Cl ratios exceeding 300 × 10⁻⁵ at low chlorinities. The ratio decreased rapidly with increasing chlorinity and the value near to that of seawater was observed at chlorinities above 14‰.  相似文献   

浙江西沪港重金属铜的配位容量和形态分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

吕海燕  王正方  傅和芳  冯旭文 《海洋学报》2003,25(3):47-52

根据2000年6月10～14日在浙江省西沪港采集的海水样品,利用AA-800石墨炉原子吸收分光光度技术和阳极溶出伏安法测定样品中重金属铜的含量,获得铜在海水中受不同的有机配体控制.不同粒级的铜表观配位容量表明西沪港海水过孔径1.00μm微孔膜的(ACuCC)较高,为144.4nmol/dm3;过0.40和0.20μm滤膜的(ACuCC)分别为103.0和102nmol/dm3;铜的有机配体条件稳定常数的对数值在7.25～9.14之间.铜的总量为21.72nmol/dm3.铜全部为稳定溶解态,其中pH2酸溶态占95.0%,强有机结合态占5.0%.溶解态铜中有机结合态占过滤海水中总铜的61.6%.  相似文献   

Distribution of dissolved organic carbon in and near the Prydz Bay, Antarctica     

Qiu Yusheng  Chen Min  Huang Yipu  Liu Guangshan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(4):547-556

INTRODUCTIONDissolvedorganiccarbon (DOC)makesupthesecondlargestofthebioactivepoolsofcar bonintheocean ,secondtothelargestpoolofdissolvedinorganiccarbon .Theglobaldissolvedorganiccarbonpoolisestimatedtobe 6 85Gt,avaluecomparabletothemassofCO2 intheat mosphere (Hedges,1 992 ) .Thesizeofthereservoir,aswellasitsdynamics ,indicatesthatDOCplaysacentralroleintheoceancarboncycle .AsitrelatestogreenhousegasessuchasCO2 andassociatesclimatecycle ,oceanicDOCbiogeochemicalcycleshavebeenoneoftheh…  相似文献